Karl W. Böddeker's Liquid Separations with Membranes: An Introduction to PDF

By Karl W. Böddeker

ISBN-10: 3642079970

ISBN-13: 9783642079979

At the point of a textbook a self-consistent method of liquid separations with membranes is gifted, contrasting equilibrium separations with the rate-controlling results of barrier interference on mass move. As a corollary goal, an attempt is made to watch context, authentic and historic, while introducing thoughts and purposes of membrane separation technology. Ordering precept is the formal constitution of mass move throughout permeable limitations, being construed of a motive force (allocated to the situation of the combinations to be separated) and a barrier permeability (holding the keys to membrane selectivity). The membranes, through this procedure, seem in terms of the mass shipping requisites which they're to satisfy, in any other case in terms of the separation results which they encourage. Exploiting barrier interference is the problem of membrane separation technology and know-how. This ebook is set the rules in the back of.

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Additional resources for Liquid Separations with Membranes: An Introduction to Barrier Interference

Sample text

The term thusly eliminated is the entropy contribution to the free energy. • The pressure dependence of the free energy is a volume, establishing the mechanical link to the thermodynamic free energy, ∂G / ∂p = V (the bar denoting a partial molar quantity). As “pV energy”, this term reiterates the dimension of the free energy as energy or work. • The variation of the free energy of the mixture with a change in mol number of any one of its components (∂G/∂ni) is the partial molar free energy of that component.

This condition contributes to the osmotic pressure limitation of practical reverse osmosis towards high feed salinities. 2 Reverse osmosis 49 Fig. 3. Water flux (J1), salt transport (J2) and resultant salt rejection (R) in reverse osmosis desalination of seawater in the approximation of the Merten model. Adjustable parameters of membrane performance, according to the model, are the water content of the membrane ( cim in Eq. 4) and its thickness (z). For favorable selectivity, water sorption should be high, salt sorption (as distribution coefficient, K) low.

Series 38 (1962) 117. – See also Chap. 1, Ref. [14]. Background [7] A. S. Michaels, H. J. Bixler, Membrane permeation: Theory and practice. In: Progress in Separation and Purification (E. S. ), Vol. 1, Wiley, New York, 1968, 143–186. [8] P. ): Membrane Separation Processes. , 1976. [9] E. L. Cussler: Diffusion. Mass Transfer in Fluid Systems. Second edition, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1997. [10] B. E. Poling, J. M. Prausnitz, J. P. O’Connell: The Properties of Gases and Liquids. , 2001.

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Liquid Separations with Membranes: An Introduction to Barrier Interference by Karl W. Böddeker


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